اسباب سكري الاطفال طبيا Medical causes of diabetes in children

diabetes in children Reasons Author: Dr. Abdullah Al-Sabi reasons The number of cases of type 1 diabetes is estimated at one million in America, with thirty thousand new cases discovered every year, and it is also all over the world, and type 1 diabetes represents 7-10% of all types of diabetes in the world, but it is higher in northern Europe than in southern Europe And in Europe and America more than in Asia and Africa Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it mostly affects children and adolescents at any stage of their life, and it affects boys and girls in approximately the same proportion. What are the risk factors for developing type 1 diabetes? Risk factor o Frequent illness in early childhood o Not breastfeeding o Increased maternal age o Infection of the mother with type 1 diabetes o Preeclampsia in the mother o Presence of an autoimmune disease what are the reasons? There are multiple reasons that can lead to the occurrence of type 1 diabetes, but it is not possible to be certain about the reason that leads to the difficulty of conducting analyzes to know it, and it is not possible to predict the occurrence of the disease, although the risk factors with conducting some laboratory analyzes may give possibilities and expectations for its occurrence, and with all that it is not possible Preventing the disease from occurring, or eliminating it and recovering from it after its occurrence. The most important causes of type 1 diabetes are: o Immunodeficiency o genetic factors o Viral infections o Allergy to cow's milk Immunodeficiency: Type 1 diabetes is one of the immune diseases, where the body’s immune system attacks certain cells, and this is not normal. Usually, the immune system recognizes the body’s cells and does not attack them, and usually it recognizes foreign things and then attacks them to protect the person from them, but for reasons other than It is known that this transformation occurs, and the genetic factor plays an important role, and the occurrence of some natural factors such as viral infections may play a role in this transformation. The immune system consists of many cells, the most important of which are white blood cells, some of which are specialized such as T-lymphocytes, which produce an immune chemical called cytokines, and the composition of this substance is specific to attack a specific structure or body only, but for an unknown reason you cannot identify Pancreatic cells known as beta cells, and then attack and destroy them gradually and rapidly, this process from the beginning until the appearance of symptoms of disease may take months or years without awareness or sense from the person of the changes that are happening inside, and until symptoms appear, 80-90% Pancreatic cells have been completely destroyed. Genetic factors : Researchers have found more than 18 genetic factors that may lead to type 1 diabetes, but studies have shown that the incidence rate does not exceed 10% if first-degree relatives have diabetes, and even identical twins have only 33%, which is considered Low, as it was noted that children can inherit the disease more from the father than the mother who has diabetes, so genetic factors cannot explain the full picture of the occurrence of the condition, the large increase in the number of aunts discovered annually cannot be attributed to the genetic factor, the genetic factor has not changed, The proportion of cases is doubled. Viral infections Many scientists believe that the occurrence of viral infections can be one of the important reasons for the occurrence of type 1 diabetes, especially in people who have a genetic susceptibility, as these viruses act as provoking or auxiliary factors. When inflammation occurs, the immune system recognizes it as a foreign body, so it forms bodies The appropriate antibody to eliminate it, but for an unknown reason, the composition of this virus of proteins is similar to the structure of pancreatic cells known as Beta cells, but the immune system does not recognize the difference between them, so it attacks the virus and at the same time attacks the pancreatic cells (similar to the protein structure). , which leads to their destruction, and even when the viral infection ends, the immune system continues to produce antigens, and then the destruction of pancreatic cells continues until they are completely eliminated. But what are those viruses that lead to the similarity? --- Not all viruses lead to this event, and so far it has not been identified, and why do these viruses have this effect and then diabetes in some people and not others? Cow's milk allergy: Some studies and research have shown that there is a difference in the incidence of type 1 diabetes between children who were breast-fed and formula-fed (cow's milk) in the first stage of lactation. As mother’s milk contains antibodies that give protection and immunity to the child from the occurrence of the disease, it is also believed that cow’s milk contains protein substances that cause sensitivity (allergy) in the child, which may help the disease to occur.


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