الربو. Asthma

asthma

Asthma is a chronic disease that affects humans as a result of inflammation and narrowing of the airways in the lungs or airways, which reduces or prevents the flow of air to these airways, causing repeated episodes of shortness of breath accompanied by wheezing in the chest area and some other symptoms.

The muscle that surrounds the airways contracts and a large amount of phlegm builds up in the airways, which leads to blockage. Asthma symptoms range accordingly from light crackles and wheezing to life-threatening asthma attacks, knowing that children are more affected by the disease.
There is no cure for asthma, but it is possible to control its symptoms by following different methods


Asthma symptoms

Asthma symptoms range from mild to severe and differ from one person to another. Mild symptoms may appear, such as wheezing and crackling during breathing. Asthma attacks may occur from time to time, and asthma symptoms may appear at night hours mainly or only when making physical effort.

As for between attacks, the patient may be in good condition and not face any breathing difficulties. Signs of asthma can be clarified by the following:
1. Asthma signs and symptoms

Include the following:

    Shortness of breath.
    Chest cramps or pain.
    Sleep problems due to shortness of breath.
    Coughing, wheezing, or rattling when breathing.
    Coughing spells or rattles while breathing that are exacerbated by infection of the airways with a virus in cases of cold and flu, for example.

2. Signs of worsening asthma

These signs include the following:

    Exacerbation of symptoms: an increase in the severity and frequency of symptoms of the disease.
    Decrease in maximum air flow rates: measured with a maximum expiratory velocity meter, a simple device designed to measure how well the lungs are functioning.
    An increasing need for the use of bronchodilators: These are medicines that open the airways by relaxing the muscles around them.

It is necessary for the asthmatic patient to be under constant medical observation, to check if there is a need to increase the dose of the drug and when to increase it, or to take other measures to treat the symptoms.

But if asthma continues to worsen, there may sometimes be a need to go to the hospital. The doctor can help diagnose signs and symptoms that require going to the hospital emergency room, so that the patient is aware of the situations in which he should go to receive help.
Asthma causes and risk factors
It's not clear why some people develop asthma while others don't, and it is likely that asthma is the result of a combination of several environmental and genetic factors.

The factors that trigger asthma differ from one person to another, as exposure to a large number of substances that cause hypersensitivity can provoke the signs and symptoms of asthma, including:

    Airborne allergens, such as: pollen, animal scales, molds, dust mites, and cockroaches.
    Inflammation of the airways, such as: in the common cold.
    physical activity
    cold air.
    Air pollutants, such as: smoke.
    Certain medicines, including β-blockers, aspirin, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines.
    Extreme irritability and tension.
    Preservatives added to some food products.
    Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition in which acid returns from the stomach and reaches the throat.
    The menstrual cycle in some women.
    Allergic reaction to types of food, such as: pistachios.

Asthma is a widespread disease that affects millions of adults and children, and is diagnosed annually in an increasing number of people.

It is still unknown.


Asthma risk factors
There are a number of factors that are known to increase the risk of developing asthma, including the following:

    Previous cases of asthma in the family.
    Recurrent infections of the airway in childhood.
    Passive smoking.
    Living in a city area, especially if the air pollution in it is great.
    Exposure to factors that may provoke illness in the workplace, such as: chemicals in factories, materials used in agriculture, and materials used in hairdressing
    The birth of a baby with a small birth weight or obesity.

Asthma complications

Asthma can cause many complications, including:

    Go to the emergency room and stay in the hospital for acute asthma treatment.
    Permanent narrowing of the airways.
    Side effects as a result of using certain medicines to treat severe asthma for a long time.

Asthma diagnosis
Asthma is sometimes difficult to diagnose, and it can sometimes be difficult to distinguish asthma from wheezing bronchitis, pneumonia, or another airway disease in response to certain stimuli.

To be able to rule out other possible diseases, the doctor performs a physical exam and asks questions about signs and symptoms and other health problems. Sometimes lung function is tested to determine how much air is going in and out during breathing in order to diagnose asthma.

    Transported.

الربو

الربو هو مرض مزمن يصيب الإنسان نتيجة التهاب مجاري الهواء في الرئتين أو الشّـُعَب الهوائية وتضيقهما، الأمر الذي يُقلل أو يمنع من تدفق الهواء إلى هذه الشعب مسببًا نوبات متكررة من ضيق التنفس التي يرافقها صفير بمنطقة الصدر وبعض الأعراض الأخرى.
حيث تنقبض العضلة التي تحيط بالشعب الهوائية وتتراكم كمية كبيرة من البلغم في مجاري الهواء مما يؤدي إلى انسدادها، لتتراوح وفقًا لذلك أعراض الإصابة بالربو بين الخشخشة والصفير الخفيفين عند التنفس وبين نوبات ربو قد تعرض الحياة للخطر، علمًا أن الأطفال أكثر إصابةً بالمرض.
ليس هنالك علاج لمرض الربو لكن من الممكن السيطرة على أعراضه باتباع طرق مختلفة